maths formula list class xii
and matrices. Key Formulas in Algebra Polynomial Remainder Theorem: If a polynomial \(f(x)\) is divided by \((x - a)\), the remainder is \(f(a)\). Factor Theorem: \(\text{If } f(a) = 0,\) then \((x - a)\) is a factor of \(f(x)\). Sum and Product of Roots: For quadratic \(ax^2 + bx + c = 0\): \(\